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Q1. The fascia covering pectoralis major is called:
A. Axillary fascia
B. Pectoral fascia
C. Clavipectoral fascia
D. Thoracolumbar fascia
→ Answer: B. Pectoral fascia
Q2. The suspensory ligament of axilla is derived from:
A. Pectoral fascia
B. Axillary fascia
C. Clavipectoral fascia
D. Deep cervical fascia
→ Answer: C. Clavipectoral fascia
Q3. Which structure pierces the clavipectoral fascia?
A. Cephalic vein
B. Thoracoacromial vessels
C. Lateral pectoral nerve
D. All of the above
→ Answer: D. All of the above
Q4. The deltopectoral groove contains:
A. Basilic vein
B. Cephalic vein
C. Axillary vein
D. Brachial vein
→ Answer: B. Cephalic vein
Q5. The anterior axillary fold is formed by:
A. Serratus anterior
B. Pectoralis major
C. Latissimus dorsi
D. Subclavius
→ Answer: B. Pectoralis major
Q6. Pectoralis major is supplied by:
A. Medial pectoral nerve
B. Lateral pectoral nerve
C. Both medial and lateral pectoral nerves
D. Long thoracic nerve
→ Answer: C. Both medial and lateral pectoral nerves
Q7. Which muscle divides the axillary artery into 3 parts?
A. Pectoralis major
B. Pectoralis minor
C. Subclavius
D. Serratus anterior
→ Answer: B. Pectoralis minor
Q8. Nerve supply of pectoralis minor is:
A. Medial pectoral nerve
B. Lateral pectoral nerve
C. Both nerves
D. Thoracodorsal nerve
→ Answer: A. Medial pectoral nerve
Q9. Subclavius muscle protects which structure?
A. Subclavian vessels
B. Axillary vein
C. Cephalic vein
D. Thoracoacromial artery
→ Answer: A. Subclavian vessels
Q10. Paralysis of serratus anterior results in:
A. Drooping shoulder
B. Winged scapula
C. Loss of elbow flexion
D. Claw hand
→ Answer: B. Winged scapula
Q11. Long thoracic nerve arises from:
A. C3–C5
B. C4–C6
C. C5–C7
D. C6–C8
→ Answer: C. C5–C7
Q12. Which muscle is called the “boxer’s muscle”?
A. Pectoralis major
B. Pectoralis minor
C. Serratus anterior
D. Subclavius
→ Answer: C. Serratus anterior
Q13. Breast lies in which fascia?
A. Deep fascia
B. Superficial fascia
C. Axillary fascia
D. Clavipectoral fascia
→ Answer: B. Superficial fascia
Q14. Vertical extent of breast is between:
A. 1st–4th ribs
B. 2nd–6th ribs
C. 3rd–7th ribs
D. 2nd–7th ribs
→ Answer: B. 2nd–6th ribs
Q15. Nipple in males and nulliparous females is usually at:
A. 2nd intercostal space
B. 3rd intercostal space
C. 4th intercostal space
D. 5th intercostal space
→ Answer: C. 4th intercostal space
Q16. The sebaceous glands in areola are called:
A. Meibomian glands
B. Montgomery’s tubercles
C. Cowper’s glands
D. Littre’s glands
→ Answer: B. Montgomery’s tubercles
Q17. Suspensory ligaments of breast are called:
A. Cooper’s ligaments
B. Camper’s ligaments
C. Gerdy’s ligaments
D. Poupart’s ligaments
→ Answer: A. Cooper’s ligaments
Q18. Retromammary space lies between:
A. Breast and skin
B. Breast and pectoral fascia
C. Breast and clavicle
D. Breast and axilla
→ Answer: B. Breast and pectoral fascia
Q19. Which part of breast extends into axilla?
A. Tail of Spence
B. Cooper’s ligament
C. Pectoral fascia
D. Axillary fold
→ Answer: A. Tail of Spence
Q20. Nerve supply of nipple is from:
A. 2nd intercostal nerve
B. 3rd intercostal nerve
C. 4th intercostal nerve
D. 5th intercostal nerve
→ Answer: C. 4th intercostal nerve
Q21. Major arterial supply to breast is from:
A. Subscapular artery
B. Internal thoracic artery
C. Vertebral artery
D. Posterior intercostal artery only
→ Answer: B. Internal thoracic artery
Q22. Which group of lymph nodes drains 75% of breast lymph?
A. Parasternal nodes
B. Posterior intercostal nodes
C. Axillary nodes
D. Subdiaphragmatic nodes
→ Answer: C. Axillary nodes
Q23. Medial part of breast drains into:
A. Axillary nodes
B. Parasternal nodes
C. Supraclavicular nodes
D. Posterior intercostal nodes
→ Answer: B. Parasternal nodes
Q24. Lymph from lower part of breast may spread to liver through:
A. Posterior intercostal nodes
B. Parasternal nodes
C. Subdiaphragmatic plexus
D. Apical axillary nodes
→ Answer: C. Subdiaphragmatic plexus
Q25. Subareolar plexus of lymphatics is called:
A. Cooper’s plexus
B. Sappey’s plexus
C. Camper’s plexus
D. Retromammary plexus
→ Answer: B. Sappey’s plexus
Q26. Most common site of carcinoma breast:
A. Upper inner quadrant
B. Upper outer quadrant
C. Lower inner quadrant
D. Lower outer quadrant
→ Answer: B. Upper outer quadrant
Q27. Dimpling of breast skin is due to involvement of:
A. Lactiferous ducts
B. Suspensory ligaments of Cooper
C. Subcutaneous veins
D. Retromammary space
→ Answer: B. Suspensory ligaments of Cooper
Q28. Peau d’orange appearance is due to:
A. Fibrosis of ducts
B. Blockage of cutaneous lymphatics
C. Retromammary abscess
D. Venous congestion
→ Answer: B. Blockage of cutaneous lymphatics
Q29. Carcinoma of breast spreads to opposite side through:
A. Axillary nodes
B. Parasternal nodes
C. Posterior intercostal nodes
D. Subdiaphragmatic nodes
→ Answer: B. Parasternal nodes
Q30. Vertebral metastasis of breast carcinoma occurs via:
A. Axillary nodes
B. Parasternal nodes
C. Posterior intercostal veins → vertebral venous plexus
D. Subdiaphragmatic plexus
→ Answer: C. Posterior intercostal veins → vertebral venous plexus
Q31. Apex of axilla is called:
A. Axillary inlet
B. Thoracic outlet
C. Cervicoaxillary canal
D. Interscalene space
→ Answer: C. Cervicoaxillary canal
Q32. Apex of axilla is bounded by:
A. Clavicle, 1st rib, scapula
B. Clavicle, sternum, humerus
C. Ribs 2–4, scapula, sternum
D. None of the above
→ Answer: A. Clavicle, 1st rib, scapula
Q33. Floor of axilla is formed by:
A. Skin and axillary fascia
B. Pectoralis major
C. Subscapularis
D. Serratus anterior
→ Answer: A. Skin and axillary fascia
Q34. Posterior wall of axilla is formed by:
A. Pectoralis major, minor
B. Serratus anterior
C. Subscapularis, teres major, latissimus dorsi
D. Clavicle and subclavius
→ Answer: C. Subscapularis, teres major, latissimus dorsi
Q35. Medial wall of axilla is formed by:
A. Pectoralis major
B. Serratus anterior with ribs and intercostals
C. Subclavius
D. Teres major
→ Answer: B. Serratus anterior with ribs and intercostals
Q36. Injury to long thoracic nerve during mastectomy leads to:
A. Claw hand
B. Winging of scapula
C. Ape thumb deformity
D. Wrist drop
→ Answer: B. Winging of scapula
Q37. Which nerve is endangered in axillary lymph node dissection?
A. Long thoracic nerve
B. Thoracodorsal nerve
C. Both A and B
D. Ulnar nerve
→ Answer: C. Both A and B
Q38. Poland’s syndrome involves:
A. Absence of serratus anterior
B. Absence of sternocostal part of pectoralis major
C. Absence of clavicle
D. Absence of pectoralis minor
→ Answer: B. Absence of sternocostal part of pectoralis major
Q39. Gynecomastia is:
A. Carcinoma of male breast
B. Benign enlargement of male breast
C. Extra nipple
D. Accessory breast tissue
→ Answer: B. Benign enlargement of male breast
Q40. Polythelia refers to:
A. Extra breast tissue
B. Extra nipple along milk line
C. Absence of breast
D. Male breast enlargement
→ Answer: B. Extra nipple along milk line
Q41. Which artery is closely related to pectoralis minor?
A. Subclavian artery
B. Axillary artery (divided into 3 parts)
C. Internal thoracic artery
D. Brachial artery
→ Answer: B. Axillary artery
Q42. Which vein drains most of the breast?
A. Axillary vein
B. Brachiocephalic vein
C. Vertebral vein
D. Subclavian vein only
→ Answer: A. Axillary vein
Q43. Which quadrant of breast is least likely to develop carcinoma?
A. Upper outer
B. Upper inner
C. Lower outer
D. Lower inner
→ Answer: D. Lower inner
Q44. Which muscle forms the floor of deltopectoral groove?
A. Pectoralis major
B. Pectoralis minor
C. Deltoid
D. Clavicular head of pectoralis major
→ Answer: A. Pectoralis major
Q45. Which nerve supplies subclavius muscle?
A. Long thoracic nerve
B. Medial pectoral nerve
C. Nerve to subclavius
D. Thoracodorsal nerve
→ Answer: C. Nerve to subclavius
Q46. What is the surgical importance of retromammary space?
A. Contains Cooper’s ligaments
B. Allows mobility of breast, site for implants
C. Site for venous drainage
D. Pathway for parasternal lymphatics
→ Answer: B. Allows mobility of breast, site for implants
Q47. Which vein pierces clavipectoral fascia before entering axillary vein?
A. Cephalic vein
B. Basilic vein
C. Median cubital vein
D. Brachial vein
→ Answer: A. Cephalic vein
Q48. Which nerve is sensory to nipple and areola?
A. 3rd intercostal nerve
B. 4th intercostal nerve
C. 5th intercostal nerve
D. Supraclavicular nerve
→ Answer: B. 4th intercostal nerve
Q49. A pulsatile swelling in deltopectoral triangle most likely involves:
A. Thoracoacromial artery
B. Internal thoracic artery
C. Subscapular artery
D. Lateral thoracic artery
→ Answer: A. Thoracoacromial artery
Q50. Which muscle forms medial wall of axilla and is supplied by long thoracic nerve?
A. Pectoralis major
B. Pectoralis minor
C. Serratus anterior
D. Subclavius
→ Answer: C. Serratus anterior
Q51. Which muscle forms the posterior boundary of clavipectoral fascia?
A. Pectoralis major
B. Pectoralis minor
C. Subclavius
D. Serratus anterior
→ Answer: C. Subclavius
Q52. Which structure maintains the hollow of axilla?
A. Axillary vein
B. Suspensory ligament of axilla
C. Pectoralis minor
D. Thoracodorsal fascia
→ Answer: B. Suspensory ligament of axilla
Q53. Which muscle is enclosed between the two layers of clavipectoral fascia?
A. Subclavius
B. Serratus anterior
C. Pectoralis minor
D. Pectoralis major
→ Answer: C. Pectoralis minor
Q54. Which quadrant of breast is the most common site of carcinoma?
A. Upper outer
B. Upper inner
C. Lower inner
D. Lower outer
→ Answer: A. Upper outer
Q55. Which vein is often used for central venous access in deltopectoral groove?
A. Axillary vein
B. Cephalic vein
C. Basilic vein
D. Median cubital vein
→ Answer: B. Cephalic vein
Q56. Which lymph node group drains the medial quadrant of breast?
A. Pectoral nodes
B. Parasternal nodes
C. Subscapular nodes
D. Central nodes
→ Answer: B. Parasternal nodes
Q57. Peau d’orange appearance in breast carcinoma is due to:
A. Venous obstruction
B. Lymphatic obstruction
C. Nerve infiltration
D. Fat necrosis
→ Answer: B. Lymphatic obstruction
Q58. Retraction of nipple in carcinoma breast is due to fibrosis of:
A. Suspensory ligaments
B. Lactiferous ducts
C. Pectoral fascia
D. Retromammary space
→ Answer: B. Lactiferous ducts
Q59. Which artery accompanies long thoracic nerve?
A. Subclavian artery
B. Thoracodorsal artery
C. Lateral thoracic artery
D. Thoracoacromial artery
→ Answer: C. Lateral thoracic artery
Q60. The apex of axilla transmits all except:
A. Axillary artery
B. Axillary vein
C. Brachial plexus cords
D. Long thoracic nerve
→ Answer: D. Long thoracic nerve
Q61. Which structure is palpated at the sternal angle (Angle of Louis)?
A. 1st rib
B. 2nd rib
C. 3rd rib
D. 4th rib
→ Answer: B. 2nd rib
Q62. Which nerve supplies the clavicular head of pectoralis major?
A. Medial pectoral nerve
B. Lateral pectoral nerve
C. Thoracodorsal nerve
D. Subclavian nerve
→ Answer: B. Lateral pectoral nerve
Q63. Which intercostal nerve supplies sensation to the nipple?
A. 2nd
B. 3rd
C. 4th
D. 5th
→ Answer: C. 4th
Q64. Which group of axillary nodes is first involved in breast carcinoma?
A. Apical
B. Central
C. Pectoral (anterior)
D. Subscapular (posterior)
→ Answer: C. Pectoral (anterior)
Q65. Which condition is characterized by absence of sternocostal head of pectoralis major?
A. Poland’s syndrome
B. Turner’s syndrome
C. Klippel-Feil syndrome
D. Apert’s syndrome
→ Answer: A. Poland’s syndrome
Q66. Which space allows mobility of the breast over the chest wall?
A. Subpectoral space
B. Retromammary space
C. Interpectoral space
D. Clavipectoral space
→ Answer: B. Retromammary space
Q67. Which is the main venous drainage of the breast?
A. Internal thoracic vein
B. Axillary vein
C. Posterior intercostal vein
D. All of the above
→ Answer: D. All of the above
Q68. Which nerve must be preserved during axillary lymph node dissection to prevent loss of shoulder adduction?
A. Long thoracic nerve
B. Thoracodorsal nerve
C. Suprascapular nerve
D. Median nerve
→ Answer: B. Thoracodorsal nerve
Q69. Which vein provides a communication between superficial and deep venous systems in breast region?
A. Lateral thoracic vein
B. Cephalic vein
C. Thoracoepigastric vein
D. Internal thoracic vein
→ Answer: C. Thoracoepigastric vein
Q70. In breast carcinoma, spread to vertebra occurs via:
A. Axillary lymph nodes
B. Posterior intercostal veins → vertebral venous plexus
C. Parasternal nodes
D. Subdiaphragmatic plexus
→ Answer: B. Posterior intercostal veins → vertebral venous plexus
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